The island of Jejudo is sometimes called the “Hawaii of Korea” because of its amazing natural beauty, with gorgeous white sand beaches and stunning waterfalls. What really sets Jeju apart, however, are the three UNESCO designations that highlight the island’s diverse natural, geological and cultural heritage. Jeju was named a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 2002, a World Heritage Site in 2007 and a Global Geopark in 2010. 

Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak Tuff Cone (Courtesy of shutterstock)    

Jeju’s recognition as a Biosphere Reserve and Global Geopark is a testament to the island’s scientific significance, encompassing geology, archaeology, ecology and culture. As a Biosphere Reserve, the island is committed to preserving its diverse plant and animal species while promoting sustainable human activities that benefit local communities and economies. As a Global Geopark, Jeju plays a crucial role in promoting sustainable development through community engagement, education and tourism, particularly in areas with exceptional geological heritage sites. 

Hallasan Mountain (Courtesy of shutterstock)

The island’s status as a World Heritage Site can be traced back to its exceptional volcanic landscapes and geological importance. The recognition encompasses the Hallasan Mountain Natural Reserve, Geomunoreum Lava Tube System and Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak Tuff Cone. Hallasan is Korea’s tallest mountain, while Seongsan Ilchulbong was created when an underwater volcano exploded some 5,000 years ago. Meanwhile, the World Heritage Convention has described the island’s lava tube system as the “finest such cave system in the world, having an outstanding visual impact even for those experienced with such phenomena.”

Sanbangsan Lava Dome (Courtesy of shutterstock)

But Jeju is not just famous for its natural wonders. The island boasts a rich cultural legacy. UNESCO has praised its distinct culture, which has thrived despite its remote location. Due to their isolation, the native inhabitants of Jeju cultivated their own language, traditions and customs. From ancient buildings to farming and art, Jeju’s UNESCO distinctions demonstrate the strong bond between its geological history and people. 

Another cultural element of the island recognized by UNESCO is that of its female divers, haenyeo, who were named an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2016. This acknowledgment highlights the cultural traditions, wisdom and sustainable methods that haenyeo have transmitted through the ages.

Jeju haenyeo (Courtesy of imagetoday)

Jeju’s ecological, cultural and geological importance, along with its reputation as a tourist hotspot and hub for sustainable development, all play a part in its global significance. The island’s stunning natural landscapes, pleasant weather and rich cultural heritage draw tourists from every corner of the globe.

According to the Jeju Heritage World Office, "Jeju Island has achieved the UNESCO triple crown for its beautiful natural scenery and biodiversity, including Hallasan, Ilchulbong and its lava tubes. In addition, Jeju Island is a global treasure due to its unique culture, including the Jeju haenyeo culture and stone walls. We will do our best to pass on the culture and these natural wonders to our descendants." 

Suwolbong Peak Tuff Ring (Courtesy of shutterstock)